El ColegiadoData on refereeing in the Liga

About

Who makes El Colegiado, and on what principles.

El Colegiado is a non-commercial project: no advertising, no paid offer, no commercial ties.

Independence

El Colegiado has no link with any club, federation, refereeing body, bookmaker or media outlet.

Approach

We gather public sources (9,880 Liga matches, 2000-01 → 2025-26), standardise them, document every choice, and compare results with what the bookmakers' odds predicted. Everything is reproducible: the tables can be downloaded from the Data page and the method is described in detail in the Methodology.

Neutrality

  • A fixed vocabulary: "deviation", "favourable to the club", "unfavourable to the club", "inconclusive".
  • No ranking by deviation, verdict or "suspicion": lists are sorted by name, number of matches or date.
  • Sample size always accompanies a deviation; small samples are flagged.
  • Colours carry no moral meaning: lime and lavender for the two directions of a deviation, grey for "inconclusive".
  • No photos of referees: the same neutral silhouette for everyone.

Credits

  • Data: football-data.co.uk; Zenodo 7341037 (BeSoccer, CC BY-NC 4.0); Zenodo 7831873 (CC BY-SA 4.0); Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). File-by-file details on the Data page.
  • Crests are the property of the clubs and are reproduced for identification purposes only. Source: Wikipedia (en).

Contact and corrections

Write to [email protected]. To report a factual error, see the Corrections page. Publisher information: legal notice.